upgrading Ubuntu to new release (9.10 to 10.04)

I am fan of Linux basically Fedora and Ubuntu. Ubuntu community has done a very good job for upgrading Ubuntu. If you want to upgrading your Ubuntu 9.10 to 10.04, you can do it in few steps.
Open a terminal and follow the following steps:
1. sudo apt-get update
2. sudo apt-get install update-manager-core
3. check : /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades and see if Prompt=normal is there. If not edit the file and set Prompt=normal
4. sudo do-release-upgrade
PS: you should have good internet connection to upgrade your system using above steps.

For upgrading from ubuntu cd : read here

How to recover your ubuntu after reinstalling Windows

Yesterday I got mood to give a try windows7 rc which I downloaded 2 days back. But I got problem because i had to reinstall ubuntu which is already there. And i don't wanted to do that. I did some googling and finally I got how to recover ubuntu. Actually after installing windows it remove previous bootloader from MBR(Master Boot Record) and reinstall fresh bootloader in MBR. To reinstall previous bootloader boot from ubuntu linux live cd and open a terminal. Follow the following step :

1> sudo grub
You will get "grub>" command prompt.

2> find /boot/grub/stage1
If you get "Error 15: File not found", try the following:
find /grub/stage1

3> Using this information, set the root device (fill in X,Y with whatever the find command returned):
grub> root (hdX,Y)

4> grub> setup (hd0)

5> Exit Grub:
grub> quit

Enjoy !!
ps: For extra information click here.

Update:
If you are updating/recovering grub with ubuntu 10.04 or later, try following command: (source)

You’ll need to know the device name of your primary ubuntu partition, in this example I’m assuming it’s /dev/sda5
mount /dev/sda5 /mnt
mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
chroot /mnt
update-grub2
grub-install /dev/sda

Enjoy Linux !!

Top free Open Source Projects for end users

Here i am listing out some free open source software which i am using and i feeling very comfortable with these software.
1. Most wanted browser : Firefox
2. Most featured Email client (GUI) : Thunderbird
3. Another Email client (Desktop edition) : Zimbra
(Others edition like EE , web client, etc also available)



4. VLC media player (Best player for Linux and others too)

5. Best Linux flavour which i feel more stable among other flavour :

Debian (The Universal Operating system)

continued......

Taste of different Linux flavor

These days i am busy with testing different Linux operating system(OS). Its about 2 years since i have not used windows (Black Box).Yes i thinking windows nothing more than black box. I used windows during my B.Tech. That time i know nothing about Linux. I introduced with Linux in my final year when i started my Project. After that my interest move towards Linux and down towards windows. Its because no tools coming for developer. where as in Linux every essential software coming by default and rest are available through repository. I am using fedora from last 2 years. Its because packages are coming with fedora CD/DVD itself . These days i tested another flavor like Centos, Ubuntu, Debian, Kubuntu, Solaris 10. And off course Mac Os also which available in IITM cse lab. Still i am using fedora but i tried just for see how much difference is there in between all these flavors. I got all flavor because all these flavor are easily available on IITM ftp site except Solaris . And Ubuntu repository is here. So installing all software in Ubuntu is not taking more than half an hour. So, now i am using Ubuntu server edition 8.10. I got surprised when i saw different kind of software available through Ubuntu repository. Its amazing to see long list of software. Even some software which even not available on fedora repository. I like gnome desktop either on any flavor but new version of fedora(10) and Ubuntu KDE desktop is really good. But i think its little slower than gnome desktop. I given some ranking to Linux according to my choice :
1: Fedora - Mac OS. :: (9/10 point)
2: Ubuntu/kubuntu - Solaris. :: (8/10 point)
3: Centos. :: (7/10 point)
4: Windows (all flavor). :: (4/10 point)

Yum configuration :
Centos :
Step 1) add "failovermethod=priority" without quote in /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo with every repository link.

Step 2) add
export http_proxy=http://user:password@proxyip:port/
export ftp_proxy=http://user:password@proxyip:port/
export no_proxy=.domain.com
export HTTP_PROXY=http://user:password@proxyip:port/
export FTP_PROXY=http://user:password@proxyip:port/

in file ~/.bash_profile
Step 3) run on command line "source ~/.bash_profile"
Step 4) yum update
Step 5) yum install pkg-name.

Fedora :
Step 1) sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/*

Step 2) for third party repository search "livna" and get the rpm of livna-release-*.rpm

Step 3) Export proxy same as Centos.

Step 4) sudo yum update

Step 5) yum install pkg-name

apt-get configuration :
Ubuntu 8.10 :
Step 1) Add these two line in /etc/apt/apt.conf

Acquire::http::Proxy "http://user:password@proxyip:port/";
Acquire::ftp::Proxy "ftp://user:password@proxyip:port/";
Step 2) You can export

export http_proxy=http://user:password@proxyip:port/
export ftp_proxy=http://user:password@proxyip:port/
export no_proxy=.domain.com
export HTTP_PROXY=http://user:password@proxyip:port/
export FTP_PROXY=http://user:password@proxyip:port/

these lines same as Centos or add in file /home/user/.bashrc